54 Tiger Reserves in India UPSC 2023 GK Questions

Tiger Reserves in India – At present, there are a total of 54 tiger reserves in India. In August 2023, the Dholpur-Karauli Tiger Reserve in Rajasthan was declared the 54th Tiger Reserve of India. In this article, we will cover the entire thing you need to know about Project Tiger, the Tiger Census, and All 54 Tiger reserves in India.

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The latest Tiger reserves in India

A total of 4 new Tiger Reserves were announced in India between 2021-23, whose names are as follows

  • 51st Tiger Reserve – Srivilliputtur Megamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu
  • 52nd Tiger Reserve – Ramgarh Vishdhari Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan
  • 53rd Tiger Reserve – Ranipur Tiger Reserve, Uttar Pradesh
  • 54th Tiger Reserve – Dholpur-Karauli Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan

Now let’s discuss all 4 latest Tiger Reserve in detail.

Srivilliputtur Megamalai Tiger Reserve

  • Srivilliputtur Megamalai Tiger Reserve in the state of Tamil Nadu has been announced by the Government of India as the 51st Tiger Reserve of India in the year 2021.
  • It is the 5th tiger reserve in the state of Tamil Nadu after the Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, Mudumalai Tiger Reserve, and Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve.
  • This tiger reserve has been created by combining the areas of Megamalai Wildlife Sanctuary and Srivilliputtur Wildlife Sanctuary.

Ramgarh Vishdhari Tiger Reserve

  • India’s 52nd Tiger Reserve was announced by the Ministry of Forest and Environment and Climate Change on July 2021 in Rajasthan named Ramgarh Vishdhari Tiger Reserve.
  • It is the fourth tiger reserve in the state of Rajasthan and is spread over an area of 1052.12 km2.
  • This tiger reserve is located in Bundi district at a distance of 200 km from Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan.
  • Capacity: can house 35 tigers.
  • It will be the Fourth Tiger Reserve of Rajasthan.

Ranipur Tiger Reserve

  • Ranipur Tiger Reserve in the state of Uttar Pradesh was announced as the 53rd Tiger Reserve of India on October 19, 2022
  • This tiger reserve is located in the Bundelkhand region of Uttar Pradesh, in the Chitrakoot district near the border with Madhya Pradesh.
  • The tiger reserve has a total area of 529.89 km2, including a 299.58 km2 buffer zone and a 230 km2 core area that was designated as the Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary in 1977.
  • At present time Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary has no resident tigers. It is frequented by tigers from nearby Panna, as evidenced by the presence of their pugmarks. The two protected zones are only 150 km apart.

Dholupur-Karauli Tiger Reserve

  • National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) has given its approval for the establishment of the Dholpur-Karauli Tiger Reserve in the state of Rajasthan.
  • It has secured its position as the fifth tiger reserve in the state of Rajasthan following Mukundra Hills, Ramgarh Vishdhari, Ranthambore, and Sariska.

Guru Ghasidas Tiger Reserve

  • Guru Ghasidas Tiger Reserve was a proposed tiger reserve in Chhattisgarh.
  • It became the fourth tiger reserve in the state of Chhattisgarh after Achankmar Tiger Reserve, Indravati Tiger Reserve, and Udanti Sitanadi Tiger Reserve.
  • The combined area of Guru Ghasidas National Park (Sanjay National Park) and Tamor Pingla Wildlife Sanctuary of Chhattisgarh has been declared as India’s 53rd Tiger Reserve i.e. Guru Ghasidas Reserve.
  • It is the fourth Tiger Reserve in Chhattisgarh, after the Udanti Sitanadi, Achankmar, and Indravati Tiger Reserve. The Asiatic cheetah’s last known habitat in India was Guru Ghasidas National Park. It links Jharkhand and Madhya Pradesh as well as provides a corridor for tigers to move between both the Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve (Madhya Pradesh) and Palamu Tiger Reserves (Jharkhand).

Tiger

The tiger is the largest cat species in the world and is well-known for its distinctive pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur. Here are some key points about tigers:

Tiger population in the World

  • At present the global tiger population is estimated to be around 3,900 individuals. This estimate represents all five recognized subspecies of tigers combined. However, it’s important to note that tiger populations can fluctuate, and more recent data might be provided as soon as possible.
  • The 13 Tiger range countries are:- India, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Russia, Thailand and Vietnam, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, and China.
  • According to the latest reports out of 13 Tiger range countries tiger is now considered extinct in three: Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos.
  • Conservation efforts are ongoing to protect and increase tiger populations, primarily through habitat conservation, anti-poaching measures, and initiatives to combat illegal wildlife trade.

Tiger Population in India

  • If we talk about the tiger population in India then it is home to more than 70% of the world’s tiger population.
  • According to the latest Tiger Census of 2022, the number of tigers in India was 3,167 in 2022, up from 2,967 in 2018.

The top 10 states with the highest population of Tigers in India are as follows:

  1. Madhya Pradesh – 526
  2. Karnataka – 524
  3. Uttarakhand – 442
  4. Maharashtra – 312
  5. Tamil Nadu – 264
  6. Assam – 190
  7. Kerala – 190
  8. Uttar Pradesh – 173
  9. West Bengal – 88
  10. Rajasthan – 69

India is home to 15 species of wild cats, accounting for 40% of all species found globally. But it’s sad to say that 9 of these fifteen cats are endangered, vulnerable, or threatened.

St Petersburg Summit and Declaration 2010

  • In November 2010, the first “Tiger Summit” was held in the City of St Petersburg Russia.
  • Global Tiger Recovery Programme was declared at the summit to reverse the rapid decline of tigers, and also aim to double their numbers by 2022.
  • In the Saint Petersburg Tiger Summit, a declaration was made that Governments of tiger-populated countries had vowed to double the Tiger population by 2022.
  • India doubled its Tiger population in the year 2019 and Nepal was the first country which double its tiger population before India in 2018.
  • 29th July is observed as International Tiger Day since the year 2010. International Tiger Day was first started in the year 2010, at Saint Petersburg Tiger Summit in Russia.
  • The day is marked to raise awareness about the declining population of wild tigers and also to encourage the work of Tiger conservation.
  • India is home to over 70% of the tiger population globally, with 54 tiger reserves in India spread across 18 states as shown above in the article.
  • India’s latest tiger census of 2018 showed a growth in the tiger population. Notably, India achieved the target of doubling of tiger population 4 years ahead of schedule of the St. Petersburg Declaration on Tiger Conservation.

Project Tiger

  • Under the Centrally Sponsored Project for the conservation of tigers in India, Project Tiger was launched on April 1, 1973, by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi from Jim Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand.
  • The National Tiger Conservation Authority [NTCA] was constituted in 2005 to administer the tiger reserve under the Wildlife Protection Act, of 1972.
  • Project Tiger monitors 54 tiger reserves in India, which is approx. 2.21% of the geographical area of our country.
  • Project Tiger is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme of the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change which provides central assistance to the tiger States for tiger conservation in tiger reserves in India.
  • Tiger reserves in India are declared by the NTCA and are constituted of two components.
  • Core Area– the core areas have the legal status of a national park or a sanctuary, exclusive tiger agenda is followed in the core areas.
  • Buffer Area- buffer or peripheral areas are a mix of forest and non-forest land, managed as a multiple-use area; an inclusive people-oriented agenda is followed in the buffer zone.

List of 54 Tiger Reserves in India

The list of 54 tiger reserves with their state and declared year is given below table-

S.N.Tiger ReserveYearState
1.Corbett Tiger Reserve1973Uttarakhand
2.Bandipura Tiger Reserve1973Karnataka
3.Manas Tiger Reserve1973Assam
4.Kanha Tiger Reserve1973Madhya Pradesh
5.Ranthambore Tiger Reserve1973Rajasthan
6.Sundarban Tiger Reserve1973West Bengal
7.Melghat Tiger Reserve1973Maharashtra
8.Palamu Tiger Reserve1973Jharkhand
9.Simlipal Tiger Reserve1973Odisha
10.Periyar Tiger Reserve1978Kerala
11.Sariska Tiger Reserve1978Rajasthan
12.Baksa Tiger Reserve1982West Bengal
13.Indravati Tiger Reserve1982Chhattisgarh
14.Namdapha Tiger Reserve1982Arunachal Pradesh
15.Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve1982Andhra Pradesh
16.Dudhwa Tiger Reserve1987Uttar Pradesh
17.Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve1988Tamil Nadu
18.Valmiki Tiger Reserve1989Bihar
19.Indira Priyadarshini Pench Tiger Reserve1992Madhya Pradesh
20.Tadoba-Andheri Tiger Reserve1993Maharashtra
21.Bandhavgarh Tiger Reserve1993Madhya Pradesh
22.Panna Tiger Reserve1994Madhya Pradesh
23.Dampa Tiger Reserve1994Mizoram
24.Bhadra Tiger Reserve1998Karnataka
25.Pakke Tiger Reserve1999Arunachal Pradesh
26.Nameri Tiger Reserve1999Assam
27.Satpura Tiger Reserve1999Madhya Pradesh
28.Anamalai Tiger Reserve2008Tamil Nadu
29.Udanti-Sitanadi Tiger Reserve2008Chhattisgarh
30.Satkosia Tiger Reserve2008Odisha
31.Kaziranga Tiger Reserve2008Assam
32.Achankmar Tiger Reserve2008Chhattisgarh
33.Dandeli or Anshi Tiger Reserve2008Karnataka
34.Sanjay Dhubri Tiger Reserve2008Madhya Pradesh
35.Mudumalai Tiger Reserve2008Tamil Nadu
36.Nagarhole Tiger Reserve2008Karnataka
37.Perambikulam Tiger Reserve2008Kerala
38.Sahyadri Tiger Reserve2009Maharashtra
39.Biligiri Rangnatha Tiger Reserve2010Karnataka
40.Kawal Tiger Reserve2012Telangana
41.Amangarh Tiger Reserve2012Uttar Pradesh
42.Sathyamangalam Tiger Reserve2013Tamil Nadu
43.Mukundara Hills Tiger Reserve2013Rajasthan
44.Nawegaon Nagzira Tiger Reserve2013Maharashtra
45.Amrabad Tiger Reserve2014Telangana
46.Pilibhit Tiger Reserve2014Uttar Pradesh
47.Bor Tiger Reserve2014Maharashtra
48.Rajaji Tiger Reserve2015Uttarakhand
49.Orang Tiger Reserve2016Assam
50.Kamlang Tiger Reserve2016Arunachal Pradesh
51.Srivilliputhur-Meghamalai Tiger Reserve2021Tamil Nadu
52.Ramgarh Vishdhari Tiger Reserve2021Rajasthan
53.Ranipur Tiger Reserve2022Uttar Pradesh
54.Dholpur-Karauli Tiger Reserve2023Rajasthan

National Tiger Conservation Authority

  • National Tiger Conservation Authority is a statutory body under the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change. It was established in December 2005.
  • Chairperson: the authority consists of the Minister in charge of the Ministry of Environment and Forests.
  • Vice-Chairperson: the Minister of State in the Ministry of Environment and Forests, three members of Parliament, the Secretary, Ministry of Environment and Forests, and other members.

Tiger Reserves in India GK Questions

Question – How many tiger reserves are there in India in 2023?

Answer – As of 2023, there are a total of 54 Tiger Reserves in India. In the year 2023, the Dholpur-Karauli Tiger Reserve in Rajasthan State was declared as India’s 54th Tiger Reserve.

Question – Which is the first Tiger Reserve of India?

Answer – India’s first tiger reserve is Jim Corbett National Park, which is located in the state of Uttarakhand, India. On 1 April 1973, Jim Corbett National Park was declared India’s first tiger reserve under the Indian Tiger Conservation Act 1972.

Question – Which state has the maximum tiger reserves in India?

Answer – Madhya Pradesh with 6 tiger reserves (Maharashtra also has 6, because the Pench tiger reserve is part of both Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra), but the tiger population of MP is the greatest in India.

Question – Which tiger reserve is the largest Tiger reserve in India by area?

Answer – Nagarjunsagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve (NSTR) in Andhra Pradesh is the largest Tiger reserve in India with a total area of 3,728 km2.

Question – Which tiger reserve is the smallest Tiger reserve in India by area?

Answer – Bor tiger reserve in Maharashtra is the smallest Tiger reserve in India with an area of 138 km2.

Question – Which tiger reserve is the largest Tiger reserve in India by the population of Tiger?

Answer – According to data published by the Union Environment Department the Corbett Tiger Reserve in Uttarakhand state has the largest number of tigers, with 252 living inside the reserve and 266 using it.

Question – Which tiger reserve is the 50th Tiger reserve in India?

Answer – The Kamlang tiger reserve in Arunachal Pradesh is the 50th Tiger reserve in India, which was declared in year 2016.

Question – Which tiger reserve is the 51st Tiger reserve in India?

Answer – Srivilliputhur-Meghamalai Tiger Reserve in Tamilnadu is the 51st tiger reserve in India, which was declared in the year 2021.

Question – Which tiger reserve is the 52nd Tiger reserve in India?

Answer – Ramgarh Vishdhari Tiger Reserve in Rajasthan is the 52nd tiger reserve in India, which was declared in the year 2021.

Question – Which tiger reserve is the 53rd Tiger reserve in India?

Answer – Ranipur tiger reserve in Uttar Pradesh is the 53rd tiger reserve in India, which was declared in the year 2022.

Question – Which tiger reserve is the 54th Tiger reserve in India?

Answer – The Dholpur-Karauli tiger reserve in Rajasthan state is the latest i.e. 54th tiger reserve in India. Dholpur-Karauli tiger reserve was declared in the year 2023.

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