International Organizations – In various examinations, questions related to international organizations and their headquarters are often asked. In this article, we will discuss about the establishment of India’s international organizations, their headquarters, and their heads. This article is based on the questions asked in various exams, so read the entire article. You can download the PDF of this article by clicking on the Print PDF button given below.
हिन्दी में पढ़िए – अंतर्राष्ट्रीय संगठन व मुख्यालय PDF
International Organizations Definition
- Such institutions or organizations whose members, scope, and presence are global are known as international organizations.
- The term international organization was first used by the Scottish jurist James Lorimer during a speech on 18 May 1857.
- International organizations mainly represent the democratic countries of the world and through them work towards international peace, security, and cooperation.
There are mainly two types of international organizations.
- International Non-governmental Organization
- Intergovernmental Organization
International Non-governmental Organization
These are also known as International Non-Governmental Organizations. These are private organizations that work towards providing counseling, service and training, integration of the society, and promoting awareness in the society.
Intergovernmental Organization
Organizations formed by two or more countries are intergovernmental organizations and these organizations take decisions on any national matters with mutual consent.
International Organizations and their Headquarters
Now we will read about the major international organizations of the world, their establishment, headquarters, and current heads.
United Nations
- Established – 24 October 1945
- Headquarters – New York City
- Secretary-General – Antonio Guterres [Portugal]
- 78th President of the United Nations General Assembly – Dennis Francis [Trinidad and Tobago]
- Permanent Representative of India – Ruchira Kamboj
UN Security Council
- Established – 24 October 1945
- Headquarters – New York, USA
- Permanent members – China, France, Russia, USA, UK
- These 5 permanent member countries have veto power.
- Non-permanent member – 10
- India was elected as a temporary member for the 8th time for 2 years in 2021-22.
- The presidency of the UNSC is for 1 month.
World Bank Group
- Established – July 1944
- Headquarters – Washington DC
- President – Ajay Banga
- MD & CFO – Anshula Kant [SBI]
- Chief Economist – Indermeet Gill
UNICEF
- UNICEF – United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund
- Established – December 11, 1946
- Headquarters – New York, USA
- Executive Director – Katherine M. Russell
UNDP
- UNDP – United Nations Development Program
- Established – November 22, 1965
- Headquarters – New York City
- Chairman – Akim Steiner [Brazil]
UNWFP
- UNWFP – United Nations World Food Program
- Established – December 19, 1961
- Headquarters – Rome, Italy
- Head – David Weasley [US]
- Nobel Peace Prize in the year 2020
FAO
- FAO – Food & Agricultural Organization
- Established – October 16, 1945
- Headquarters – Rome, Italy
- Director General – Qi Dongyu
World Health Organization
- Established – April 7, 1948
- Headquarters – Geneva
- President – Tedros Adhanom [Ethiopia]
ILO
- ILO – International Labor Organizations
- Established – April 11, 1919
- Headquarters – Geneva
- Chairman – Gilbert Houngbo [Fiji]
UNESCO
- UNESCO – United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization
- Established – November 16, 1945
- Headquarters – Paris, France
- Chairman – Andre Azoulay [France]
UNEP
- UNEP – United Nations Environment Programme
- Established – June 5, 1972
- Headquarters – Nairobi, Kenya
- Chairman – Inger Andersen, Denmark
World Wide Fund for Nature
- Established – April 29, 1961
- Headquarters – Gland, Switzerland
- Chairman – Adil Najam (Pakistan)
IUCN
- IUCN – International Union of Conservation of Nature
- Established – October 5, 1948
- Headquarters – Gland, Switzerland
- Director General – Bruno Oberle
WTO
- WTO – World Trade Organization
- Established – January 1, 1995
- Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland
- Chairman – Ngozi Okonjo Iweala [Nigeria]
- WTO was formed in place of GATT [1947].
UNWTO
- UNWTO – United Nations World Tourism Organization
- Established – November 1, 1975
- Headquarters – Madrid, Spain
- Secretary-General – Zurab Pololikashvili [Georgia]
UNHCR
- UNHCR – United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
- Established – December 14, 1950
- Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland
- Chief – Filippo Grandi
- Nobel Peace Prize – 1954 and 1981
UNHRC
- UNHRC – United Nations Human Rights Council
- Established – March 15, 2006
- Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland
- Chairman – Vaclav Balek
ISA
- ISA – International Solar Alliance
- Established – November 30, 2015
- Headquarters – Gurugram, Haryana
- Director General – Ajay Mathur
- IREA – Masdar City, UAE
International Red Cross Movement
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- Established – February 9, 1863
- Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland
- Head – Peter Maurer
- Win Nobel Peace Prize in 1917, 1944, 1963
International Monetary Fund
- Established – December 27, 1945
- Headquarters – Washington DC
- MD – Kristalina Georgieva [Bulgaria]
- Chief Economist – Pierre Oliver Gouriches
INTERPOL
- INTERPOL Full Form – International Criminal Police Organization
- Established – September 7, 1923
- Headquarters – Lyon, France
- Chairman – Ahmed Nasser Al-Raisi
FATF
- FATF – Financial Action Task Force
- Established – 1989
- Headquarters – Paris, France
- Chairman – T Raja Kumar
- Member countries – 39
NATO
- NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- Established – April 4, 1949
- Headquarters – Brussels, Belgium
- Member countries – 30
World Economic Forum
- Established – January 1971
- Headquarters – Clogny, Switzerland
- Chairman – Klaus Schwab
WIPO
- WIPO – World Intellectual Property Organization
- Established – July 14, 1967
- Headquarters – Geneva, Switzerland
- Director General – Darren Tang
OPEC
- OPEC – Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
- Established – September, 1960
- Headquarters – Vienna, Austria
- Secretary General – Haitham Al-Ghais
- Member countries – 13
Asian Development Bank
- Established – December 19, 1966
- Headquarters – Manila, Philippines
- Chairman – Masatsugu Asakawa [Japan]
- Vice President – Ashok Lavasa
- Member countries – 68
AIIB
- AIIB – Asian Infrastructure & Investment Bank
- Established – 16 January 2016
- Headquarters – Beijing, China
- Chairman – Jin Likun
- Member countries – 106 countries
New Development Bank
- Established – 15 July 2014 [BRICS Bank]
- Headquarters – Shanghai, China
- President – Dilma Rousseff [Brazil]
- Established by the BRICS group of countries, it is also known as “BRICS Bank”.
- Member countries – 9
SCO
- SCO – Shanghai Cooperation Organization
- Established – June 15, 2001 [Shanghai 5 Group]
- Headquarters – Beijing
- Total member countries – 9 [Iran]
- India and Pakistan became members in 2017.
- Secretary General – Zhang Ming [China]
ASEAN
- ASEAN – Association of Southeast Asian Nations
- Established – August 8, 1967
- Headquarters – Jakarta, Indonesia
- Member countries – 10
- President – Indonesia [2023]
BIMSTEC
- BIMSTEC – Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical & Economic Cooperation
- Established – June 6, 1997
- Headquarters – Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Member countries – India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Myanmar.
- Secretary General – Tenzin Lekhphel [Bhutan]
SAARC
- SAARC – South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
- Established – 8 December 1985
- Headquarters – Kathmandu, Nepal
- Member countries – India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, Maldives
ICC
- ICC – International Cricket Council
- Established – June 15, 1909
- Headquarters – Dubai, UAE
- Chairman – Greg Barclays
- CEO – Geoff Allardyce [Australia]
FIH
- FIH – International Hockey Federation
- Established – January 7, 1924
- Headquarters – Lausanne, Switzerland
- Chairman – Tayyab Ikram
FIFA
- FIFA – International Federation of Association Football
- Established – May 21, 1904
- Headquarters – Zurich, Switzerland
- Chairman – Gianni Infantino [Switzerland]
IOC
- IOC – International Olympic Committee
- Established – June 23, 1894
- Headquarters – Lausanne, Switzerland
- Chairman – Thomas Bach
Headquartered in Lausanne, Switzerland
- International Hockey Federation
- International Boxing Association
- World Archery
- International Table Tennis Federation
- International Golf Federation
- World Rowing Federation
Sports Organization and Headquarters
- International Basketball Federation – Mies, Switzerland
- World Athletes – Monaco
- International Shooting Sports Federation – Munich, Germany
- International Tennis Federation – London, England
- Badminton World Federation – Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- World Chess Federation [FIDE] – Lausanne, Switzerland
Other Major International Organizations
- Institute of Economics & Peace – Sydney
- Transparency International – Berlin, Germany
- Reporters Without Border – Paris, France
- Economic Intelligence Unit – London, UK
Headquartered in Vienna, Austria
- IAEA – International Atomic Energy Agency
- OPEC – Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
- UN Industrial Development Organization
Headquartered in Paris, France
- United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization [UNESCO]
- Organisation for Economic Co-Operation & Development [OECD]
- International Astronomical Union [IAU]
- International Energy Agency [IEA]
Headquartered in Montreal, Canada
- WADA – World Anti-Doping Agency
- IATA – International Air Transport Association
- ICAO – International Civil Association Organisation
Headquartered in Brussels, Belgium
- NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
- EU – European Union
Headquartered in London, UK
- Amnesty International
- Economic Intelligence Unit
- International Maritime Organisation
- Commonwealth of Nations
Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland
- International Committee of the Red Cross
- Europeon Organisation for Nuclear Research
- International Labour Oraganisation
- World Health Organisation
- World Intellectual Property Organisation
- World Meteorogical Organisation
In this article, we have read about the meaning and definition of international organization as well as the major international organizations of the world, their establishment, headquarters, and current heads. We hope you liked this article.