BRICS Summit 2023 – BRICS is a group of 5 emerging developing economies of the world. Every year a summit is organized among the countries included in the BRICS group. In this article, we will discuss about BRICS group, its member countries, new member countries, and the BRICS summit. If you are preparing for any exam, then definitely read this article thoroughly. You can download the PDF of this article by clicking on the Print PDF button given below.
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What is a BRICS GROUP?
- The term BRIC was first used by Goldman Sachs economist Neil O’Brien in 2001 to refer to four emerging economies of the world. According to Neil O’Brien, the BRICs will collectively dominate the global economy by 2050.
- The countries included in the BRICS group represent 41% of the world’s total population, 16% of the world’s total trade, and 24% of the world’s real gross domestic product (GDP).
- In September 2006, during the 61st session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York City, the formation of BRIC was discussed through high-level meetings between the foreign ministers of Brazil, India, Russia, and China.
- BRIC was established by meeting on 16 June 2009 in the city of Yekaterinburg, Russia.
BRICS Member Countries
- The word BRIC is made up of the first letters of the names of the 4 member countries.
- Brazil, Russia, India, and China are its founding member countries.
- In the year 2010, the country of South Africa joined the BRIC group as a member and the name of this group changed from BRIC to BRICS.
By the year 2023, the names of 5 member countries of the BRICS group, their capital, and heads of government are given in the following table.
| S.N. | Member country | Capital | Head |
| 1. | India | Delhi | Narendra Modi |
| 2. | Brazil | Brasilia | Lula da Silva |
| 3. | China | Beijing | Xi Jinping |
| 4. | Russia | Moscow | Vladimir Putin |
| 5. | South Africa | Executive – Pretoria Legislative – Cape Town Judicial – Bloemfontein | Cyril Ramaphosa |
BRICS New Member Countries
During the 15th BRICS summit to be held in August 2023, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa announced the new member countries in the BRICS grouping. All these 6 countries will be members of the BRICS group from 1 January 2024. Following are the names of the 6 countries of BRICS.
- Argentina
- Egypt
- Ethiopia
- Iran
- Saudi Arab
- United Arab Emirates
Note – Iran joined the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as the 9th member country in 2022.
15th BRICS Summit 2023 and Theme
- In 2023, South Africa have the presidency of the BRICS group.
- On 22-24 August 2023, the 15th edition of the BRICS summit was organized in the city of Johannesburg, South Africa.
- The theme of the BRICS Summit 2023 was “BRICS and Africa: Partnership for Mutually Accelerated Growth, Sustainable Development & Inclusive Multilateralism”.
- Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi, President of China Xi Jinping, Foreign Minister of Russia Sergey Lavrov, President of Brazil Lula da Silva, and President of South Africa Cyril Ramaphosa participated in this summit.
- South African President Cyril Ramaphosa had invited the heads of 67 countries for the summit.
List of All BRICS Summit
BRICS summit has been organized every year since 2009, in which the heads of all the member countries are involved. India has hosted the BRICS summit 3 times. The names of all BRICS summits and host countries are given in the following table.
| S.N. | Year | Host country |
| 1. | 2009 | Russia |
| 2. | 2010 | Brazil |
| 3. | 2011 | China |
| 4. | 2012 | India |
| 5. | 2013 | South Africa |
| 6. | 2014 | Brazil |
| 7. | 2015 | Russia |
| 8. | 2016 | India |
| 9. | 2017 | China |
| 10. | 2018 | South Africa |
| 11. | 2019 | Brazil |
| 12. | 2020 | Russia |
| 13. | 2021 | India |
| 14. | 2022 | China |
| 15. | 2023 | South Africa |
BRICS Summit 2023 Questions
Question – When was the BRICS group established?
Answer – During the 61st session of the United Nations General Assembly in New York City in September 2006, the formation of BRIC was discussed through high-level meetings between the foreign ministers of Brazil, India, Russia, and China.
BRIC was established by meeting on 16 June 2009 in the city of Yekaterinburg, Russia.
Question – How many member countries are there in the BRICS group?
Answer – As of 2023, there are 5 member countries of the BRICS group and their names are as follows.
- India
- Brazil
- China
- Russia
- South Africa
Question – How many new member countries were included in the BRICS group in the year 2023?
Answer – In the year 2023, 6 countries were included in the BRICS group and the total number of member countries increased from 5 to 11. Following are the names of the new member countries.
- Argentina
- Egypt
- Ethiopia
- Iran
- Saudi Arab
- United Arab Emirates
Question – In which country was the BRICS Summit 2023 organized?
Answer – On 22-24 August 2023, the 15th edition of the BRICS summit was organized in the city of Johannesburg, South Africa.
Question – What was the theme of the BRICS Summit 2023?
Answer – The theme of the BRICS Summit 2023 was “BRICS and Africa: Partnership for Mutually Accelerated Growth, Sustainable Development & Inclusive Multilateralism”.
Question – Which bank is known as the BRICS Bank?
Answer – The New Development Bank is known as the BRICS Bank. The agreement for its establishment was signed by the member countries during the sixth summit held in Brazil in July 2014 and the BRICS bank started functioning in July 2015.
- The headquarters of the New Development Bank is in Shanghai city of China.
- Former Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff is currently the President of the BRICS Bank.
In this article, we have read all the essential facts from the exam point of view including the BRICS group, its summits, and member countries. Hope you liked the article.